1913-1996
Paul Erdős
Hungary and the world
Paul Erdős was mathematician and collaborator. He made wide-ranging contributions to number theory, combinatorics, graph theory, and probability.
Documented historical recordMath Adventures
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Showing 73–90 of 244 matching heroes.
1930-2010
Jaime Escalante
Bolivia and the United States
Jaime Escalante was mathematics teacher. He built an advanced calculus program for students who had often been underestimated.
Documented historical recordActive around 300 BCEFeatured
Euclid
Alexandria, Egypt
The author traditionally associated with the Elements, a systematic presentation of definitions, postulates, proofs, geometry, and number theory.
Historical record with limited biographyc. 408-c. 355 BCE
Eudoxus of Cnidus
Cnidus and Athens
Eudoxus of Cnidus was Greek mathematician and astronomer. His theory of proportion handled incommensurable magnitudes, and his method of exhaustion anticipated integral reasoning.
Documented historical record1707-1783Featured
Leonhard Euler
Switzerland, Russia, and Prussia
Leonhard Euler was mathematician and physicist. He transformed analysis, number theory, graph theory, mechanics, notation, and mathematical physics.
Documented historical recordBiblical era; date uncertainFeatured
Ezekiel
Babylon and the ancient Near East
Ezekiel recorded an extended vision filled with measured gates, walls, rooms, courtyards, boundaries, and land portions. The text is one of the Bible’s densest collections of dimensions.
Direct biblical text with mathematical inferencec. 1089-c. 1167
Abraham ibn Ezra
Iberia and Europe
Abraham ibn Ezra was Jewish scholar, astronomer, and mathematical writer. He wrote Hebrew works explaining number systems, arithmetic, calendars, and astronomical ideas.
Documented historical record1933-2002
Etta Zuber Falconer
United States
Etta Zuber Falconer was mathematician, educator, and academic leader. She strengthened mathematics and science programs for women and Black students at Spelman College.
Documented historical record1807-1883
William Farr
England
William Farr was medical statistician and civil servant. He improved systems for recording births, deaths, and causes of death and used rates to compare populations.
Documented historical record1607-1665
Pierre de Fermat
France
Pierre de Fermat was lawyer and mathematician. He made major contributions to number theory, analytic geometry, probability, and methods for maxima and tangents.
Documented historical recordc. 1170-after 1240
Fibonacci
Pisa and the Mediterranean
A Pisan mathematician whose Liber Abaci promoted efficient calculation with Hindu-Arabic numerals for trade, conversion, interest, and mathematical problems.
Documented historical record1905-1998
Tommy Flowers
Britain
Tommy Flowers was telephone engineer and computer designer. He designed Colossus, an electronic machine used to analyze high-level encrypted wartime communications.
Documented historical record1768-1830
Joseph Fourier
France
Joseph Fourier was mathematician and physicist. He represented heat flow with differential equations and trigonometric series.
Documented historical recordc. 1415-1492
Piero della Francesca
Italy
Piero della Francesca was painter and mathematical author. He wrote on perspective, solid geometry, and practical arithmetic while applying proportion to visual art.
Documented historical record1564-1642
Galileo Galilei
Italy
Galileo Galilei was mathematician, physicist, and astronomer. He used measurement and mathematical models to study motion and used telescopic observations to test astronomical ideas.
Documented historical record1811-1832
Évariste Galois
France
Évariste Galois was mathematician. He connected polynomial solvability with symmetry groups, founding a central part of abstract algebra.
Documented historical record1777-1855Featured
Carl Friedrich Gauss
German states
A German mathematician whose work transformed number theory, geometry, astronomy, measurement, probability, and many other fields.
Documented historical record1776-1831Featured
Sophie Germain
France
Sophie Germain was mathematician. She contributed to number theory and the mathematical theory of elastic surfaces.
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